四级真题2022年9月第一套 Passage Two
四级真题2022年9月第一套 Passage Two


①　Remote work is about more than just working from home—it means working differently. Organizations should reconsider the appropriateness of their performance evaluation procedures in light of the shift to remote work. This requires a fundamental rethinking of what organizations expect from employees and what companies would look for in a model employee in a remote work context.

②　It is likely that the“first to arrive and last to leave”mentality is no longer relevant, but should  be replaced by a regard for the quality of an employee's contribution to the organization. This means that work should be measured in terms of the quality of the work, not just the quality of the process. As remote work is largely unobservable to supervisors, employers need to think about how they can objectively measure the quality of work in a way that is consistent for employees of similar rank.
③　Focusing on output alone can have the unintended consequences. Employers should think instead about the values and soft skills they want to emphasize in a remote work environment. Qualities like flexibility and the ability to work under minimal supervision might become critical. Much has been written about the importance of timely feedback. In the context of a global pandemic(大流行病), firms may want to provide additional support to employees by providing more frequent communication. This allows managers to both keep an eye on struggling employees and provide ongoing feedback on how employees are adapting to their new work environment.
④　Compensation also needs to be revisited. The purpose of performance evaluation is ultimately to determine how to reward employees for their work. This means that pay structures need to adapt to the reality of working from home. However, organizations also need to be honest with employees about the financial impact of COVID-19.
⑤　For organizations that have struggled to keep the lights on due to the pandemic,this might mean thinking of non-financial ways to reward employees, like unpaid time off or flexible work schedules. Employers can also consider how to bundle different types of compensation to help employees cope with their unique situations.

1.1.What does the author say companies should do in the context of remote work?

A Reform performance evaluation.

B Rethink the organizational fundamentals.

C Reexamine its effects on employees' behaviors.

D Reflect on its differences from working in the office.

解析：选A。A 细节理解题。由题干中的 companies should do in thecontext of remote work定位到首段第二句。定位句指出，鉴于向远程工作方式转变的趋势,各公司应重新思考其绩效评估程序是否合适。由此可见，作者认为在远程工作中公司应改革绩效评估,故答案为A。

2.2.What should be prioritized in assessing employees'remote work?

A The quantity of their output.

B The length of their work time.

C The quality of their contribution.

D The flexibility of their work schedules.

解析：选C。C细节理解题。由题干中的prioritized in assessingemmployees’remote work定位到第二段第一句。定位句提到“早到晚走”的心态很可能不再适用了,取而代之的是关注员工对公司贡献的质量。由此可知,在评估员工远程工作时应优先考虑员工贡献的质量,故答案为C。

3.3.What quality in the employees would be of great importance in a remote work context?

A The ability to produce quality work.

B The ability to maximize work efficiency.

C The ability to finish tasks in a timely manner.

D The ability to work with the least supervision.

解析：选D。D 细节理解题。由题干中的 quality in the employees 和importance 定位到第三段第二、三句。定位句指出，雇主应该转而思考自己在远程工作环境中想强调的价值观和软技能。灵活处理问题以及在最少的监督下工作的能力等品质可能变得至关重要。由此可见，在远程工作环境中,雇员在最少的监督下工作的能力至关重要，故答案为D。

4.4.Why is it important for firms to provide timely feedback during the pandemic?

A To evaluate their employees of similar rank in a consistent way.

B To keep a watchful eye on those employees who perform poorly.

C To help employees in need adapt to the new work environment.

D To maintain connections with their employees away from office.

解析：选C。C 推理判断题。由题干中的 provide timely feedback定位到第四段。第四段第一句提到,很多文章都论述了及时反馈的重要性,第四段第三句提到这样主管既能关注到遇到问题的员工，又能对员工适应新工作环境的情况提供持续的反馈。由此可知,及时提供反馈可以帮助有需要的员工适应新的工作环境,故答案为C。

5.5. What is the author's suggestion to employers who experience the financial impact of the pandemic?

A Urging their employees to adapt to the new situation.

B Rewarding their employees in unconventional ways.

C Identifying employees who make little contribution.

D Allowing their employees to look for part-time jobs.

解析：选B。B细节理解题。由题干中的author's suggestion 和financial impact of the pandemic 定位到第六段。第六段指出，对于那些因新冠疫情而难以维系的公司来说，这可能意味着要考虑用非财务的福利来奖励员工，如无薪休假或灵活的工作时间。雇主还可以考虑如何组合不同类型的补偿,帮助员工应对自己的特殊情况。由此可见,作者建议财务受到大流行病影响的雇主以非传统的方式奖励员工。B中的unconventional ways对应定位段中的nonfinancial ways,故答案为 B。