四级真题2022年6月第一套 Passage One
四级真题2022年6月第一套 Passage One


①　Online classes began to be popularized just a few decades ago. They are advertised as a way for adults to finish their education and students to learn the material at their own pace—it is far more compatible for people with busy schedules.

②　But after being enrolled in an online course last fall semester, I came to realize online classes were merely a means to fulfil course requirements.
③　First of all, students lack the desire to learn, and they simply complete their assignments to receive credit for a passing grade rather than genuinely engage with the course material.
④　As online courses tend to have more than 100 students, most of the assignments are short and simple. They are not designed for students to interact with the material in depth but designed to be graded easily to accommodate such a large number of students.
⑤　Perhaps the biggest disadvantage of taking an online class is the absence of face-to-face interaction between the teacher and their students. Live sessions are infrequent and are often scheduled during the middle of the day when students have to attend other classes or work. The office hours of the professor may also be during inconvenient times for many students as well. Most interaction with the professor has to be through email which is often impersonal. It is nearly impossible for students to build a relationship with their professor.
⑥　There is also little interaction amongst students. It can be harder for students to create study groups and form relationships with their peers.
⑦　Online classes also require either a computer or laptop and a reliable internet connection. Not all students have access to these types of resources, whether it is for financial or other reasons, and some students can be put at a disadvantage.
⑧　Offering online classes certainly helps students who would otherwise not be able to attend classroom sessions. However, they fail to provide a genuine education with an emphasis on convenience rather than critical thinking. We need restructured online classes in which students can have a learning experience that will actually provide quality education.

1.1. What does the author say about students enrolled in online classes?

A They can access course materials easily.

B They are unmotivated to learn.

C They can learn at their own pace.

D They rarely fulfil the course requirements.

解析：选B。B 细节理解题。由题干中的students enrolled in onlineclasses 定位到第二、三段。第二段起到承上启下的作用。第三段指出,学生缺乏学习的欲望,他们只是简单地完成作业以获得及格的分数，而没有真正参与到课程学习中。故正确答案为B。

2.2. What does the author think of online course assignments?

A They are made convenient to mark.

B They are meant to facilitate interaction.

C They are based on easily accessible material.

D They are given to accommodate students’ needs.

解析：选A。A 细节理解题。由题干中的 online course assignments定位到第四段。第四段第二句提到,这些作业不是为了让学生深入研究学习内容而设计的，而是为了便于评分，从而容纳如此大量的学生。故正确答案为 A。

3.3. What does the author say is one disadvantage of online classes?

A They are frequently scheduled at irregular times.

B They make professors’ offices much less accessible.

C They tend to increase professors’ burden of responding to students’ emails.

D They provide little chance for students to build relationships with each other.

解析：选D。D 细节理解题。由题干中的 one disadvantage of onlineclasses定位到第五段第一句。定位句提到,也许参与在线课程的最大缺点是教师和学生之间缺乏面对面的互动。第六段进一步指出，学生之间的互动也很少,学生很难创建学习小组并与同龄人建立关系。故正确答案为 D。

4.4. What problem may arise if classes go online?

A More students may find it easy to be absent from them.

B Teachers will worry about poor internet connections.

C Some students may have difficulty attending them.

D Schools with limited resources will be at a disadvantage.

解析：选C。C 推理判断题。由题干中的 classes go online 及题文同序原则定位到第七、八段。第七段第二句指出，并非所有学生都能获得电脑、笔记本和稳定的网络连接一些学生可能会因为一些原因无法参加线上课程。故正确答案为 C。

5.5. What does the author think constitutes a key part of genuine education?

A Acquisition of useful knowledge.

B Training of real-life skills on campus.

C Development of students’ personalities.

D Cultivation of analytical thinking ability.

解析：选D。D 推理判断题。由题干中的genuine education定位到最后一段第二句。定位句提到在线课程强调便利性而不是批判性思维,并不能提供真正的教育。由此可知,D)中提到的“思辨能力的培养”是真正教育的组成部分。故正确答案为D。