考研二真题2016 Use of English
考研二真题2016 Use of English
①　Happy people work differently. They’re more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggests that happiness might influence ____1____ firms work, too.
②　Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper. ____2____, firms in happy places spend more on R&D (research and development). That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking ____3____ for making investments for the future.
③　The researchers wanted to know if the ____4____ and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would ____5____ the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities’ average happiness ____6____ by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.
④　____7____ enough, firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the  area  in which they were ____8____. But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities ____9____ why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled  for various ____10____ that might make firms more likely to invest – like size, industry, and sales – and for  indicators that a place was ____11____ to live in, like growth in wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally ____12____ even after accounting for these things.
⑤　The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors ____13____ to “less codified decision making process” and the possible presence of “younger and less ____14____ managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.” The relationship was ____15____ stronger in places   where happiness was spread more ____16____. Firms seem to invest more in  places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happiness inequality.
⑥　____17____ this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least ____18____ at that possibility. It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help ____19____ how executives think about the future. “It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and ____20____ R&D more than the average,” said one researcher.

1.1.

A why

B how

C where

D when

解析：选B。1.B 考查宾语从句。前文强调“快乐的人工作方式不同”，后文延伸至企业层面，需表达“幸福感影响企业的运营方式”，“how”表“如何、以何种方式”，符合上下文逻辑；其他选项“why（原因）、where（地点）、when（时间）”均与“工作方式”的核心话题不相关。

2.2.

A In return

B In particular

C In contrast

D In conclusion

解析：选B。2.B 考查逻辑连接词。前文指出“幸福地区的公司投资更多”，后文进一步明确“具体在研发上花费更多”，“In particular”（尤其）表递进关系，衔接自然；“In return（作为回报）、In contrast（相反）、In conclusion（总之）”均不符合前后文的递进逻辑。

3.3.

A necessary

B famous

C perfect

D sufficient

解析：选A。3.A 考查形容词辨析与定语修饰。“长期思维”是“为未来投资”的必要前提，“necessary for”（对……必要）符合语义；“famous（著名的）、perfect（完美的）、sufficient（足够的）”均无法体现“长期思维”与“投资”的核心关联。

4.4.

A individualism

B realism

C optimism

D modernism

解析：选C。4.C 考查名词辨析与语义呼应。幸福感通常伴随乐观心态，且“optimism（乐观主义）”与后文“risk-taking（冒险）”逻辑一致，符合“幸福带来的正向特质”；“individualism（个人主义）、realism（现实主义）、modernism（现代主义）”均与“幸福”的正向属性无关。

5.5.

A miss

B echo

C spoil

D change

解析：选D。5.D 考查动词辨析与语义逻辑。研究核心是探索“幸福感带来的乐观和冒险倾向是否会改变公司的投资方式”，“change（改变）”契合研究目的；“miss（错过）、echo（呼应）、spoil（破坏）”均与“研究探索关联”的语境不匹配。

6.6.

A imagined

B measured

C assumed

D invented

解析：选B。6.B 考查非谓语动词（过去分词作定语）。“盖洛普民意调查”的核心功能是“测量”幸福感，“measured by”（由……测量）符合客观事实；“imagined（想象）、assumed（假设）、invented（发明）”均与“民意调查”的客观属性冲突。

7.7.

A Sure

B Odd

C Unfortunate

D Often

解析：选A。7.A 考查固定搭配与逻辑呼应。后文验证了前文“幸福感与投资相关”的猜想，“Sure enough”（果然）体现“预期与结果一致”；“Odd（奇怪的）、Unfortunate（不幸的）、Often（经常）”均无法呼应“猜想得到验证”的逻辑。

8.8.

A divided

B advertised

C overtaxed

D headquartered

解析：选D。8.D 考查动词辨析与语义搭配。“企业总部所在地”是“地区幸福感”影响企业的关键关联点，“headquartered（设立总部）”准确体现两者关系；“divided（分割）、advertised（广告宣传）、overtaxed（征税过重）”均与“地区与企业的核心关联”无关。

9.9.

A summarize

B overstate

C explain

D emphasize

解析：选C。9.C 考查动词辨析与语义逻辑。后文提到“控制其他变量”，说明此处是质疑“是否有其他因素解释研发投入多”，“explain（解释）”符合质疑语境；“summarize（总结）、overstate（夸大）、emphasize（强调）”均与“质疑其他原因”的逻辑不符。

10.10.

A factors

B stages

C levels

D methods

解析：选A。10.A 考查名词辨析与语义指代。后文“size, industry, and sales（公司规模、行业、销售额）”均是“影响投资的因素”，“factors（因素）”准确涵盖举例内容；“stages（阶段）、levels（水平）、methods（方法）”均无法匹配后文的举例范畴。

11.11.

A desirable

B sociable

C reliable

D reputable

解析：选A。11.A 考查形容词辨析与语义呼应。“工资增长、人口增长”是“宜居地区”的典型特征，“desirable to live in”（宜居的）符合语义；“sociable（善于社交的）、reliable（可靠的）、reputable（声誉好的）”均无法与“工资、人口增长”形成合理呼应。

12.12.

A resumed

B emerged

C held

D broke

解析：选C。12.C 考查动词辨析与语义逻辑。前文说明“控制了其他变量”，后文用“even after”强调“关联依然存在”，“held（保持、存在）”符合语义；“resumed（恢复）、emerged（出现）、broke（破裂）”均与“关联持续存在”的逻辑冲突。

13.13.

A assign

B attribute

C transfer

D compare

解析：选B。13.B 考查固定搭配与动词辨析。后文“不够规范化的决策流程、管理者受情绪影响”是“年轻企业关联更强”的原因，“attribute to”（将……归因于）是固定搭配，契合“分析原因”的语境；“assign（分配）、transfer（转移）、compare（比较）”均无“归因”含义。

14.14.

A serious

B civilized

C ambitious

D experienced

解析：选D。14.D 考查形容词辨析与语义呼应。“年轻且经验不足的管理者”更易受情绪影响，“less experienced（经验不足的）”符合逻辑；“serious（严肃的）、civilized（文明的）、ambitious（有野心的）”均与“受情绪影响”无直接关联。

15.15.

A instead

B thus

C also

D never

解析：选C。15.C 考查副词辨析与逻辑递进。前文讲“年轻企业关联强”，后文讲“幸福感分布均匀的地区关联强”，是并列递进关系，“also（也）”衔接自然；“instead（反而）、thus（因此）、never（从不）”均无法体现并列逻辑。

16.16.

A rapidly

B directly

C regularly

D equally

解析：选D。16.D 考查副词辨析与语义呼应。后文“rather than in places with happiness inequality（而非幸福感不均的地区）”是反义提示，说明此处指“幸福感分布更均匀”，“equally（均匀地）”符合反义呼应；“rapidly（快速地）、directly（直接地）、regularly（定期地）”均与“不均”无反义关联。

17.17.

A While

B Until

C After

D Since

解析：选A。17.A 考查状语从句（让步状语从句）。前文“不能证明因果关系”与后文“至少暗示可能性”是让步关系，“While（虽然）”引导让步状语从句，逻辑通顺；“Until（直到）、After（在……之后）、Since（因为）”均无法体现让步逻辑。

18.18.

A arrives

B jumps

C hints

D strikes

解析：选C。18.C 考查动词辨析与语义呼应。“不能证明”但“至少暗示”，体现程度递进，“hints at（暗示）”符合语义；“arrives at（到达）、jumps at（急于接受）、strikes at（攻击）”均与“可能性”无合理搭配关系。

19.19.

A share

B rediscover

C simplify

D shape

解析：选D。19.D 考查动词辨析与语义逻辑。“当地文化和情绪会影响高管对未来的思考方式”，“shape（塑造、影响）”准确体现“文化对思维的作用”；“share（分享）、rediscover（重新发现）、simplify（简化）”均无法体现“文化对思维的影响”。

20.20.

A pray for

B lean towards

C send out

D give away

解析：选B。20.B 考查动词短语辨析与语义呼应。快乐的人更有前瞻性和创造力，因此更“倾向于”研发投入，“lean towards（倾向于）”符合语义；“pray for（祈祷）、send out（发送）、give away（赠送）”均与“研发投入”无逻辑关联。