
I spent a year living with an AI humanoid robot named Tova. Living with Tova has taught me several practical ____1____. First, you have to robot-proof your home. Tova is friendly but clumsy — she has already broken my favorite teacup and several wine glasses with her ____2____ arms. When I called my insurance company to ask about ____3____, they hung up, thinking it was a prank (恶作剧). This raises real questions: if my friend is ____4____ Tova and she breaks something, who is responsible?
Taking Tova outside is another ____5____. She weighs 60 kilos and travels in a large black case. One early morning, a taxi driver ____6____ asked, “Is there a body in here?” This got me ____7____ about transportation rules. Could Tova take the tram? Would she need a ____8____? When I asked the transit authority, they said they needed registration ____9____. The police wouldn’t register her either. If robots will eventually run errands for us, we need practical solutions for them to move around safely.
Not everyone welcomes Tova. Some friends invite her to parties, while others ____10____ she stays home. Parents at the square encourage their children to ask her questions like “What should I study to work ____11____ robots?” But another time, a man tried to ____12____ her arm right off of its body. People’s reactions ____13____ on their age, culture, and what they’ve seen in movies.
1.1.
A rules
B skills
C truths
D lessons
解析:选D。D考查名词辨析。文章开篇说“Living with Tova has taught me several practical ”,意思是“与Tova一起生活教会了我一些实际的”。下文讲述了两个具体经历:机器人会打碎东西引发责任问题,以及带它出门不便引发交通规则问题。这些都是生活教会作者的“教训”或“经验”。A项rules(规则)太宽泛,且下文并非作者总结出的规则,而是遇到的问题;B项skills(技能)不匹配,不是学会了什么技能;C项truths(真相)过于抽象。D项lessons(教训,经验)最符合“从经历中学到的东西”这一语境。故选D。
2.2.
A raising
B holding
C waving
D pointing
解析:选C。C考查动词辨析。前文说Tova很友好但是“clumsy”(笨拙的),并且打碎了茶杯和酒杯。通常机器人手臂在运动时是“挥舞”的状态,容易碰到东西。A项raising(抬起)只是单一动作,不一定导致打碎东西;B项holding(握着)如果握着东西反而不会轻易打碎其他杯子;D项pointing(指向)是静止动作。C项waving(挥舞)最能体现“笨拙”且容易碰到周围物品的动态特征。故选C。
3.3.
A payment
B coverage
C protection
D service
解析:选B。B考查名词辨析。作者给保险公司打电话,显然是询问这种情况是否在保险理赔范围内。A项payment(付款)不具体;B项coverage(保险范围,承保项目)是保险行业的专用术语,询问“coverage”就是问“这种情况保不保”;C项protection(保护)过于笼统;D项service(服务)指日常客服,不符合“理赔”的语境。故选B。
4.4.
A repairing
B borrowing
C controlling
D designing
解析:选C。C考查动词辨析。 句子意为“如果我的朋友______ Tova,然后它打碎了东西,谁负责?”根据常识,机器人是自动的,但需要人来操作或控制。A项repairing(修理)不合逻辑;B项borrowing(借用)不准确,因为机器人不是被借走,而是朋友在使用它;D项designing(设计)不符合日常情景。C项controlling(控制)最合理,指朋友在操作或指挥机器人时造成了损坏,涉及责任划分问题。故选C。
5.5.
A challenge
B chance
C choice
D change
解析:选A。A考查名词辨析。第二段描述了带Tova出门遇到的困难:它很重,箱子很大,坐车被误解,坐公共交通没规定。这一切都表明带它出门是一件麻烦事,即一个“挑战”。B项chance(机会);C项choice(选择);D项change(变化)均不符合本段描述困难的语境。故选A。
6.6.
A happily
B nervously
C bravely
D proudly
解析:选B。B考查副词辨析。一大清早,一个出租车司机看到一个60公斤重的大黑箱子,他问“这里面是尸体吗?”,当时他的语气最可能是“紧张地”、“害怕地”。A项happily(开心地)不合逻辑;C项bravely(勇敢地)是褒义,不符合这种试探性的提问;D项proudly(骄傲地)无关。B项nervously(紧张地)最能还原当时的氛围。故选B。
7.7.
A talking
B worrying
C forgetting
D thinking
解析:选D。D考查动词辨析。司机的奇怪问题引发了作者的思考。A项talking(谈论)缺少宾语;B项worrying(担心)程度过重,且后文是思考规则问题,不是担心;C项forgetting(忘记)不合逻辑。D项thinking(思考)与about连用,构成“get me thinking about...”(让我开始思考……),符合语境。故选D。
8.8.
A ticket
B ride
C seat
D break
解析:选A。A考查名词辨析。前文问“Could Tova take the tram?”(Tova能坐电车吗?),紧接着问“Would she need a ______?”(她需要一张______吗?)。坐公共交通自然需要“票”。B项ride(乘坐)是动词;C项seat(座位)是坐哪里,但前提是能不能上车;D项break(休息)无关。A项ticket(票)最符合逻辑。故选A。
9.9.
A lists
B papers
C cards
D checks
解析:选B。B考查名词辨析。作者去问交通管理局,他们说要登记注册。此处需要登记的是“文件”或“证件”。A项lists(名单);B项papers(文件,证件)可以指各种证明材料;C项cards(卡)特指卡片;D项checks(支票/检查)。根据常识,给机器人登记需要的是书面材料,所以papers更贴切。故选B。
10.10.
A insist
B demand
C prefer
D suggest
解析:选C。C考查动词辨析。句子用“while”连接,表示对比:“Some friends invite her... while others ______ she stays home.”(一些朋友邀请她,而另一些人______她待在家里)。这里不是强制性的要求,而是一种“更愿意”、“宁愿”的态度。A项insist(坚持)语气太强硬;B项demand(要求)也过于强势;D项suggest(建议)是让别人做,但这里是说他们希望Tova怎么做。C项prefer(更喜欢,宁愿)最符合这种对比下的温和语气。故选C。
11.11.
A as
B with
C like
D at
解析:选B。B考查介词辨析。孩子们问“我应该学什么才能______机器人工作?”意思是和机器人并肩工作,或者从事与机器人相关的职业。A项as (作为) 是“作为机器人工作”,不合逻辑;C项like (像) 是“像机器人一样工作”;D项at (在) 是“在机器人那里工作”,都很别扭。B项with (和……一起) 意为“和机器人一起工作”,最符合未来人机协作的语境。故选B。
12.12.
A break
B shake
C lift
D touch
解析:选A。A考查动词辨析。后文有“right off of its body”(直接从身体上),说明这个人是想把机器人的胳膊“弄断”或“扯下来”。B项shake(摇晃)不会造成脱离身体;C项lift(举起)是向上;D项touch(触摸)是轻微接触。A项break(弄断)符合这种暴力的、破坏性的行为。故选A。
13.13.
A carry
B keep
C put
D depend
解析:选D。D考查动词短语辨析。句意为“人们的反应______他们的年龄、文化和看过的电影。”这显然是在阐述反应取决于这些因素。A项carry on(继续);B项keep on(继续);C项put on(穿上/上演)。只有D项depend on(取决于)符合句意。故选D。
14.14.
A Besides
B Anyway
C Instead
D Still
解析:选C。C考查副词辨析。前一句说“未来不会被关于机器人接管世界的戏剧性辩论所决定”,后一句说“它将被这些简单的实际问题所塑造”。这两句之间是明显的否定前者、肯定后者的转折关系。A项Besides(此外)表递进;B项Anyway(无论如何)表让步;D项Still(仍然)表转折但语气较弱。C项Instead(相反,取而代之)最准确地表达了这种转折关系。故选C。
15.15.
A where
B when
C why
D which
解析:选A。A考查疑问副词辨析。先行词是“a future”(一个未来),从句是“humans and robots share everyday life”(人类和机器人共享日常生活)。从句主谓宾(humans share everyday life)完整,缺少的是地点状语,即“在这个未来里”。A项where在从句中作地点状语,等于“in the future”。B项when(时间状语)虽然时间也对,但不如where强调“在这个情境下/在这个空间里”来得贴切;C项why(原因状语)和D项which(代词作主语/宾语)都不符合语法结构。故选A。