Recently, the Kīlauea volcano on Hawaii’s Big Island erupted. The eruption ___1___ for nine hours and shot fountains of lava (熔岩) about 1,300 feet into the air.

The ___2___ produced a lot of heat and ash. Small pieces of volcanic (火山的) material, ___3___ tephra, fell on a nearby golf course. Some of these pieces were ___4___ big as six inches in some places. There was also a special kind of volcanic glass called “Pele’s hair.” It looks like thin strands of hair and ___5___ as far as Hilo, a town about 30 miles away.

During the eruption, Kīlauea ___6___ about 16 million cubic yards of lava. It also sent a large cloud of ash more than 30,000 feet into the sky.

Kīlauea has been erupting ___7___ since December 2024. This eruption was the 43rd ___8___ it has erupted since then.

1.1.

A lasted

B started

C stopped

D arrived

解析：选A。A考查动词辨析。文章第一句提到火山爆发，后面描述火山喷发的状态持续了9个小时，并且喷射出熔岩喷泉。last表示“持续”，符合火山喷发持续时间的语境。start意为“开始”，stop意为“停止”，arrive意为“到达”，均不符合句意。故选A。

2.2.

A place

B eruption

C storm

D road

解析：选B。B考查名词辨析。前文一直在描述火山喷发(eruption)，这里用eruption作主语最恰当，指“这次喷发”产生了大量的热和火山灰。place意为“地方”，storm意为“风暴”，road意为“道路”，均不符合语境。故选B。

3.3.

A called

B found

C known

D described

解析：选A。A考查动词辨析。这里表达的是“被称为tephra的火山物质”，called意为“被称为”，符合语境。found意为“被发现”，known通常用于be known as结构，described意为“被描述为”，都不如called直接恰当。故选A。

4.4.

A very

B so

C too

D as

解析：选D。D考查固定搭配。as big as是固定搭配，意为“和……一样大”，这里指这些碎片大小达到6英寸。very不能和as连用，so…that表示“如此……以至于”，too…to表示“太……而不能”，均不符合句意。故选D。

5.5.

A jumped

B climbed

C traveled

D run

解析：选C。C考查动词辨析。这里描述“Pele‘s hair”这种火山玻璃像细丝一样飘到了30英里外的希洛镇，travel可以表示“传播，移动”，符合语境。jump意为“跳跃”，climb意为“攀登”，run意为“奔跑”，均不恰当。故选C。

6.6.

A built

B released

C broke

D painted

解析：选B。B考查动词辨析。火山喷发时会释放出熔岩，release意为“释放”，符合语境。built意为“建造”，broke意为“打破”，painted意为“绘画”，均不符合火山喷发的科学事实。故选B。

7.7.

A fast

B early

C hard

D often

解析：选D。D考查副词辨析。根据下文“这是自那以来的第43次喷发”可知，基拉韦厄火山喷发很频繁，often表示“经常”，符合语境。fast意为“快速地”，early意为“早地”，hard意为“努力地/猛烈地”，均不符合句意。故选D。

8.8.

A time

B way

C day

D place

解析：选A。A考查名词辨析。这里表达“这是自那时以来它喷发的第43次”，time在这里表示“次数”，符合语境。way意为“方式”，day意为“天”，place意为“地方”，均不符合句意。故选A。

9.9.

A richest

B biggest

C easiest

D freshest

解析：选B。B考查形容词最高级辨析。前文提到盾状火山平坦宽阔，不像其他火山那样高而尖，它们不高但很大，因此是世界上最大的火山。biggest意为“最大的”，符合语境。richest意为“最富有的”，easiest意为“最容易的”，freshest意为“最新鲜的”，均不符合描述。故选B。

10.10.

A watch

B watched

C have watched

D are watching

解析：选C。C考查现在完成时。句末for a very long time（很长一段时间）是现在完成时标志： have/has + 过去分词。watch一般现在时，watched一般过去时，are watching现在进行时，只有have watched是完成时。故选C。