Unit 4 Cyberspace
【单词】
Warm-up
cyberspace /'saɪbəspeɪs/ n. 网络世界
global /'gləʊb(ə)l/ adj. 全球的，全世界的
global warming 全球变暖
come true 实现
artificial /ɑːtɪˈfɪʃ(ə)l/ adj. 人造的
climate /ˈklaɪmɪt/ n. 气候
flood /flʌd/ n. 洪水，水灾vt.& vi. 淹没
virtual /ˈvɜ:tʃuəl/ adj. 虚拟的
reality /riˈæləti/ n. 真实，现实
virus /ˈvaɪərəs/ n. 病毒
Lesson 1
affect /əˈfekt/ vt. 影响
rapidly /ˈræpɪdlɪ/ adv. 快，迅速地
growth /ɡrəʊθ/ n. 生长
pessimistic /,pesɪ'mɪstɪk/ adj. 悲观的，厌世的
crime /kraɪm/ n. 犯罪，罪行
hacker /'hækə/ n. 电脑黑客
terrorist /'terərɪst/ n. 恐怖分子
attack /əˈtæk/ n.& vt.. 进攻，攻击
chaos /ˈkeɪɒs/ n. 混乱，无秩序
crash /kræʃ/ vt.（汽车、飞机等）撞毁；坠毁
optimistic /ɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/ adj. 乐观的
entertainment /entəˈteɪnmənt/ n. 娱乐，款待
disappear /dɪsəˈpɪə/ vi. 消失
as if 好像，仿佛
harm /hɑːm/ vt.&n. 伤害，损害
obvious /ˈɒbvɪəs/ adj. 明显的，显而易见的
destruction /dɪ'strʌkʃ(ə)n/ n. 破坏，毁灭
Lesson 2
military /'mɪlɪt(ə)rɪ/ adj. 军用的，军事的
scientific /saɪənˈtɪfɪk/ adj. 科学的
the Pentagon /'pentəɡ(ə)n/ （美国）五角大楼
nuclear /ˈnjuːklɪə/ adj. 原子能的
network /ˈnetwɜːk/ n. 网络
project /ˈprɒdʒekt/ n. 计划，方案；工程
get in touch 和……取得联系
hang on 别挂断
be up to 做，从事
fashion /'fæʃ(ə)n/ n. 时髦，时尚
fancy /ˈfænsɪ/ vt. （非正式）想要做
suggestion /səˈdʒestʃ(ə)n/ n. 建议，提议
reject /rɪˈdʒekt/ vt. 拒绝，不接受
arrangement /əˈreɪndʒmənt/ n. 安排
Lesson 3
title /'taɪt(ə)l/ n. 标题，题目
destination /destɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 目的地
flesh /fleʃ/ n. 肉,肉体
in flesh 本人亲身
exit /ˈeksɪt/ vt. 出，离开
historical /hɪ'stɒrɪk(ə)l/ adj. 历史的，有关历史的
site /saɪt/ n. （事件或事物发生）场所，位置
pack /pæk/ vt. 收拾(行李)，打包
dip /dɪp/ vt. 浸
toe /təʊ/ n. 脚趾
millionaire /mɪljəˈneə/ n. 百万富翁
smoker /ˈsməʊkə/n. 吸烟者
non-smoker /nɒn ˈsməʊkə/ n. 非吸烟者
Lesson 4
tourism /ˈtʊərɪz(ə)m/ n. 观光，游览
guide /ɡaɪd/ n. 导游，向导；指南
locate /lə(ʊ)'keɪt/ vt. 坐落于，位于
seaside /ˈsiːsaɪd/ n. 海滨，海边
Maori /'maurɪ/ n. （新西兰）毛利人
settle /set(ə)l/ vi. 定居
settlement /ˈsetəlmənt/ n. (新)定居地
central /ˈsentr(ə)l/ adj. 中央的，中心的
suburb /’sʌbɜːb/ n. 市郊，郊区
zone /zəʊn/ n. 地域，地区
volcano /vɒlˈkeɪnə/ n. 火山
as well as 也，又
harbour /'hɑ:bə/ n. 海港
view /vjuː/ n. 景色，风景
sunshine /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/ n. 阳光
average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ adj. 平均的 n.平均数
surfing /ˈsɜːfɪŋ/ n. 冲浪
regular /ˈreɡjʊlə/ adj. 定期的，规则的
location /lə(ʊ)'keɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 位置；场所
steel /stiːl/ n. 钢，钢铁
material /məˈtɪərɪəl/ n. 材料，原料
be known as 被认为是
Communication workshop
Chinatown /'tʃaɪnə,taʊn/ n. 唐人街
officially /əˈfɪʃ(ə)lɪ/ adv. 正式地
scenery /ˈsiːnərɪ/ n. 风景，景色
cuisine /kwɪˈziːn/ n. 烹饪
attractive /əˈtræktɪv/ adj. 吸引人的
spider /'spaɪdə/ n. 蜘蛛
web /web/ n. 蜘蛛网，网状物
【课文】
Lesson 1 Tomorrow's world
The Future of Cyberspace
Peter Taylor finds out how computers and the Internet are going to affect our lives.
In the last thirty years, the Internet has grown rapidly. In 1983, there were only 200 computers connected to the Internet;now there are around 50 million and this growth is clearly going to continue.
Some experts are pessimistic about the future. One worry is crime in cyberspace. Even now, young hackers can get into the computers of banks and governments. In the future, terrorists may "attack" the world's computers, cause chaos, and make planes and trains crash.
However, many people are optimistic about the future of the Internet. Already, users can buy books, find out about holiday offers, book tickets, and get all sorts of information from the Internet.
"In the next few years," says Angela Rossetto of Cyberia magazine,"it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet."
She also believes that, in the future, we will get entertainment from the Net and that television will probably disappear.
The mail service may also disappear with the increasing use of e-mail.
Some experts see our future in virtual reality—the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation.
"Personally, I think virtual reality will become a part of modern life," says Australian expert Peter Anderson. "I see people living and working in a virtual world. We will work in virtual offices, shop in virtual supermarkets, and we will even study in virtual schools."
Lesson 3 Virtual reality
Tom: Hi, Cathy. What are you up to this weekend?
Cathy: Don't ask, Tom. I have lots of work to do. If I don't finish my project on the history of the Internet for next Monday's lesson, the science teacher will be angry. What about you? Do you have anything planned for Saturday and Sunday?
Tom: It depends on the weather. If it's good, Dad, Mum and I will probably go camping. But we won't go if it rains. Hey, if I stay home, I'll help you with your project if you like.
Cathy: Thanks for the offer. Tom, can you suggest any good books for my project? If you tell me some titles, I'll look for them in the library.
Tom: Use the library computer.If you go to the Science Museum website, you'll find lots of good information. I'll send you the website address when I get home.
Cathy: Thanks. Just think, if we had virtual reality holidays, we wouldn't have any problems with the weather. What's more, we wouldn't have to spend a long time travelling on planes to get to our holiday destinations.
Tom: What do you mean?
Cathy: Well, in the future, we'll be able to use modern technology to go anywhere we like. We won't have to go there in the flesh at all! Wouldn't that be great? I feel excited just thinking about it.
Tom: I don't understand. Cathy, do you mean we'll use the computer to travel around the world, entering and exiting countries in seconds and visiting all the historical sites?
Cathy: That's right! Just imagine never having to pack a suitcase! We would not only be able to travel around the world,but also go to study in any world famous universities we wanted to.
Tom: That could be really exciting! But I still find it hard to imagine. You would see it but you couldn't dip your toes in the sea or eat the foods you saw. You would not experience it.
Cathy: Well, if they invented virtual reality holidays, I'd go on an around-the-world tour. Tom, what would you like to do if someone gave you the chance?
Tom: I don't really know. Personally, I'm more interested in virtual universities than virtual reality holidays. I'd like to go to a world-famous university, like Stanford. But I guess, a virtual university just wouldn't be the same, would it?
Cathy: True, but just think—you would be able to study in such a world-famous university without going out of your room!
Lesson 4 Virtual tourism
AUCKLAND ﹡ NEW ZEALAND
Auckland is the largest city in New Zealand. It has a population of just under a million people and is located on North Island. This seaside city is an important centre for business and industry. It is also the most exciting city in New Zealand with people of many different cultures living there. The history of the city goes back 650 years when the Maoris settled in the area.
European settlement began in 1840 when the British arrived.
Auckland was the capital of New Zealand for some time. Later, the capital moved to Wellington, because it was more central. Since 1945, the city of Auckland has grown and it now has large modern suburbs.
In 1985, the New Zealand government made the whole country a nuclear-free zone and since then Auckland has been a centre for protest against nuclear testing in Asia Pacific.
Famous sights include Mt Eden, one of many large volcanoes, as well as the Auckland Harbour Bridge.
At the Parnell Village, you can visit some of the first European homes.
In the city, you can enjoy an amazing view from the Sky Tower, which is the city's tallest Tower. You can also see Maori traditional dances at the Auckland Museum. From anywhere in the city, you can see the sea.
Auckland is called "the city of sails" because it has more boats than anywhere else in the world. It has a warm climate with plenty of sunshine – the average temperature in January (summer) is 23.4℃ and in July (winter) it is 7.8℃. It has some of the best beaches in New Zealand for doing water sports: swimming, diving, fishing, sailing and surfing.
It is easy to travel between Auckland and the rest of New Zealand. There are regular international flights, too. However, flights from Europe take over twenty-four hours and are expensive.
Culture Corner
New Zealand Fact File
Government
New Zealand has its own government, but it is also part of the British Commonwealth, and therefore the official head of state is Elizabeth Ⅱ, the Queen of England, Scotland and Wales.
New Zealand was the first country in the world to give the vote to women in 1893, to have old age pensions and the eight-hour working day.
Geography
New Zealand, in the South Pacific, consists of two large islands plus other smaller islands with an area of 270,000 sq km. North Island has a warm climate and there is quite a lot of volcanic activity. South Island is cooler and has a higher rainfall. In the South Island, there are the Southern Alps with Mount Cook (3,754 m), the highest mountain in New Zealand.
Economy
New Zealand has some industry but agriculture is more important—there are 55 million sheep, 8 million cows and 1 million goats in New Zealand!
Wildlife
New Zealand was cut off from the rest of the land on Earth for 80 million years and has some unique animals and plants. For example, the kiwi (the symbol of New Zealand) is a large bird which cannot fly.
The People
Over 80% of the 3.6 million people are of European (mainly British) origin. Around 9% of the population are Maoris who came to New Zealand from other Pacific islands in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. The two official languages in the country are English and Maori.
Lifestyle
New Zealanders, who are also known as "Kiwis", are relaxed people who love outdoor life. It's not surprising that New Zealand is successful at many sports. Its national sport is rugby and its team, "The All Blacks", are often the best in the world.
Places to visit
New Zealand has beautiful scenery. In North Island, the Bay of Islands has lovely old forests and beautiful beaches and the Coromandel is perfect for sailing and watersports. Rotorua is the centre of Maori culture and has wonderful hot springs. In South Island, the Southern Alps, the West Coast region and the national park of Fiordland all have beautiful scenery.