Unit 6 Design
【单词】
Warm-up
abstract /'æbstrækt/ adj. 抽象的；深奥的
straight /streɪt/ adj. 直的 adv. 直，直接
wavy /weɪvɪ/ adj. 波状的
imagination /ɪ'mædʒɪneʃ(ə)n/ n. 想象，想象力
painter /'peɪntə/ n. 画家，油漆匠
pain /peɪn/ n. 痛苦；疼，痛
Lesson 1
exhibition /eksɪ'bɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 展览会
poetry /'pəʊɪtrɪ/ n. 诗(总称)
missile /'mɪsaɪl/ n. 导弹
shade /ʃeɪd/ n. 阴影；阴暗处
sweat /swet/ n. 汗
youth /juːθ/ n. 青春；年轻人
insect /'ɪnsekt/ n. 昆虫
creature /'kriːtʃə/ n. 动物；人
artist /'ɑːtɪst/ n. 艺术家；画家
valuable /'væljʊəb(ə)l/ adj. 贵重的；有价值的
typical /'tɪpɪk(ə)l/ adj. 典型的
elegantly /'eləɡəntlɪ/ adv. 优美地
emphasis /'emfəsɪs/ n. 强调
detail /'di:teɪl/ n. 细节；详情
cloth /klɒθ/ n. 布，布料
fold /fəʊld/ n. 皱褶
shallow /'ʃæləʊ/ adj. 浅的
shore /ʃɔː/ n. 岸边
eyesight /'aɪsaɪt/ n. 视力
Lesson 2
marble /'mɑːb(ə)l/ n. 大理石
concrete /ˈkɒŋkriːt/ n. 混凝土
feature /'fiːtʃə/ n. 特征，特色
balcony /'bælkənɪ/ n. 阳台
roof /ruːf/ n. 房顶
statue /'stætju:/ n. 雕像
castle /'kɑːs(ə)l/ n. 城堡
skyscraper /'skaɪskreɪpə/ n. 摩天大楼
angel /'eɪndʒ(ə)l/ n. 天使
architect /'ɑːkɪtekt/ n. 建筑师
ruin /ruːɪn/ vt. 毁坏；毁灭
loch /lɒk/ n. 湖；海湾
fairytale /'feərɪteɪl/ n. 童话
granite /'grænɪt/ n. 花岗岩
sort of 有几分地
café /'kæfeɪ/ n. 咖啡馆
Lesson 3
phoenix /'fi:nɪks/ n. 凤凰
rooster /'ruːstə/ n. 公鸡，雄鸡
bat /bæt/ n. 蝙蝠
tomb /tuːm/ n. 坟墓
date back (to) 追溯到
dynasty /'dɪnəstɪ/ n. 朝代，王朝
religious /rɪ'lɪdʒəs/ adj. 宗教的；虔诚的
purpose /'pɜːpəs/ n. 目的；意图
pattern /'pæt(ə)n/ n. 式样；模式
character /'kærɪktə/ n. （书写或印刷的）字；字体
happiness /'hæpɪnɪs/ n. 幸福；快乐
temple /'temp(ə)l/ n. 庙宇；寺庙
offering /'ɒfərɪŋ/ n. 供品，祭品
relate to 把……联系起来
jewellery /'dʒuːəlrɪ/ n. (总称)珠宝
try out 试用，试验
Lesson 4
cottage /'kɒtɪdʒ/ n. 村舍；小屋
rent /rent/ n. 租金
landlord /læn(d)lɔːd/ n. 房东
worm /wɜːm/ n. 虫，小虫
pipe /paɪp/ n. 管子
mercy /'mɜːsɪ/ n. 慈悲；怜悯；同情心
washroom /'wɒʃrʊm/ n. 盥洗室
damp /dæmp/ adj. 潮湿的
bathtub /'bɑ:θtʌb/ n. 浴缸，澡盆
basement /'beɪsmənt/ n. 地下室
bathe /beɪð/ v. 洗澡；沐浴
fence /fens/ n. 栅栏；围墙
narrow /'nærəʊ/ adj. 狭窄的
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
garage /ˈgærɑ:ʒ/ n. 车库
garbage /'ɡɑːbɪdʒ/ n. 废物；垃圾
apartment /ə'pɑːtmənt/ n. (美)公寓住宅
subway /'sʌbweɪ/ n. (美)地铁
downtown /'daʊntaʊn/ adv. 在市区；adj. 市区的
lorry /'lɒrɪ/ n. 卡车；载重汽车
curtain /'kɜːt(ə)n/ n. 窗帘
Communication Workshop
air conditioner /kənˈdɪʃənə(r)/ 空调
conclusion /kən'kluːʒ(ə)n/ n. 结论；结束
【课文】
Lesson 1 Performance
A matter of taste
Xu Beihong (1895-1953) was important in modern Chinese folk art. During his lifetime, he developed the tradition of combining poetry with painting. Between 1933 and 1940, he held several exhibitions in Asia and Europe to promote Chinese art. Across this painting, named Racing Horse, we can see a horse running at high speed like a missile across the sky. On the left and right side of the painting, Xu cleverly drew in black ink to show the moving hair on the horse's mane and tail. He also used different shades of grey in a creative way to show the sweat along the horse's body. The painting of dark and light colours is a favourite of many art lovers.
Qi Baishi (1863-1957) was one of China's greatest painters. He worked with wood during his early youth. Then between 1902 and 1909, he travelled across the country and painted many pictures of scenery. His interest changed later to simple pictures from everyday life, such as vegetables, flowers, birds, and insects. Cabbage is a well-known example of Qi's work. The tiny insect near the cabbage has some red on its back. Its black eyes, which are fixed on the cabbage, show the creature's interest in the vegetable. Qi Baishi's style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use their imagination.
Chen Yifei (1946-2005) was a very successful artist. His soft portraits of beautiful women are very valuable. In 1997, one of his paintings sold for US ＄503, 000. The painting, named Poppy, is a typical example of Chen's style. In the painting, a young woman sits alone and is deep in thought. Her hand holding the fan is elegantly positioned above her knees. To emphasize the woman even more, Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan and the cloth of her dress,and chooses to paint the background behind the woman black. The folds of her dress are very beautifully painted.
Lesson 3 Chinese paper cut
The Art of Paper
Chen Zijiang is a paper-cutting expert whom I interviewed for my article on Chinese Art. Paper-cutting is something that he learned to do from an early age.
"It is a Chinese folk art with a long history," Mr Chen told me. "Paper cuts of animals have been found in tombs which date back to the time of the Northern and Southern Dynasty!" He added that by the Southern Song Dynasty, Paper-cutting had become an important part of everyday life. "A young farmer who wanted a wife would look at a young woman's paper-cutting skills before marrying her!" explained Mr Chen, laughing at the look of surprise on my face.
Mr Chen went on to explain that there are three are three types of paper cuts which people still make today: paper cuts for decoration, for religious purposes and for design patterns.
Paper cuts used for decoration are often seen on windows and gates. They are usually put up during holidays to bring good luck. They are also used on presents. A present for parents whose child has recently been born might show a paper cut of children, for example. Paper cuts which show the Chinese character for double happiness are often used to celebrate weddings.
Paper cuts used for religious purposes are often found in temples. They are also used as offerings to the dead. People to whom the dead person was related would make these offerings on special days and during festivals.
The third kind of paper cuts are those used to make patterns on clothing. They are also sometimes used to decorate jewellery boxes. Dragons are very popular patterns for these designs.
The interview was very useful as I got a lot of interesting information for my article. I was also ready to try out paper-cutting for myself. "See you next week," I said as I waved goodbye to Mr Chen. I was going to meet him again so that he could help me make my first paper cut!
Lesson 4 Dream Houses
The House on Mango Street
We didn't always live on Mango Street. Before that we lived on Loomis on the third floor, and before that we lived on Keeler Street. Before Keeler Street it was Paulina Street, and before that I can't remember. But what I remembered most is moving a lot. Each time it seemed there'd be one more of us. By the time we got to Mango Street we were six—Mama, Papa, Carlos, Kiki, my sister Nenny and me.
The house on Mango Street is ours, and we don't have to pay rent to anybody, or share the yard with the people downstairs, or be careful not to make too much noise, and worried about the landlord being angry. But even so, it's not the house we thought we'd get.
We had to leave the flat on Loomis quick. There were worms in the wooden walls. Then the water pipes broke and the landlord wouldn't fix them because the house was too old. He had no mercy so we had to leave fast. We were using the washroom next door and carrying water over. And everything in the flat was damp. That's why Mama and Papa looked for a house, and that's why we moved into the house on Mango Street, far away, on the other side of town.
They always told us that one day we would move into a house, a real house that would be ours so we wouldn't have to move each year. And our house would have running water and a bathtub and pipes that worked. And inside it would have real stairs, like the houses on TV. And we'd have a basement and at least three washrooms so when we wanted the bathe we wouldn't have to tell everybody. Our house would be white with trees around it, a great big yard and grass growing without a fence. This was the house Papa talked about when he dreamed of being rich and this was the house Mama dreamed up in the stories she told us before we went to bed.
But the house on Mango Street is not the way they described it at all. It's small and red with narrow steps in front and windows so small that you'd think they were holding their breath. There is no front yard, only four little trees the city planted on the side of the street. Out back is a small garage for the car we don't own yet and a small yard that looks smaller between the two buildings on either side. There are stairs in the house, but they're ordinary stairs, and the house has only one washroom. Everybody has to share a bedroom—Mama and Papa, Carlos and Kiki, me and Nenny.
Culture Corner
World Heritage Sites in China
The official title of "World Heritage Site" is given by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) committee to places in the world that are outstanding examples of cultural or natural history. There are 29 world heritage sites in China, more than any other country except Italy or Spain. Here are 3 of them.
The Temple and Mansion of Confucius
This site is located in Qufu, Shandong Province, and is a memorial to Confucius, the Chinese great educator. The site is huge. On the grounds, there are more than 900 halls and rooms. But the building that people visit most is the Temple of Confucius. Although it was originally built in 478 B.C., the temple has been rebuilt many times. Besides the temple, visitors can enjoy the grounds outside, where there are more than 1,000 stone tablets and over 100,000 tombs.
The Old Town of Lijiang
This site is a few hours bus-ride away from the ancient city of Dali in Yunnan Province. Surrounded by fields, mountains and rivers, the Old Town of Lijiang looks like a jade ink stone in spring and summer. This is why the local people proudly call their town "Dayan", meaning the Town of the Big Ink Stone.
Each year, many foreign tourists visit the Old Town and the place is like "Venice in the East" to them. There are narrow alleys, pretty streams, small stone bridges, and brick and tile houses with carved doors and painted windows.
Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area
This area, north of Sichuan Province, is a unique natural wonder. Every year, visitors from all over the world come to admire the mountains, lakes, streams, trees, underground springs and waterfalls which make Jiuzhaigou Valley an area of outstanding natural beauty.
The water in the valley's lakes, streams and waterfalls is famous for being very clear. The valley is also home to many protected species of plants including bamboo. Endangered animals, such as pandas, also live in the valley.