Children in southern California may be breathing easier these days compared with the 1990s, thanks to a big reduction in air pollution, a new study suggests.
Researchers found that as air quality improved in five Los Angeles-area communities over two decades, so did children's lung development.
Experts said the findings, published in the March 5 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine, suggest a major public health benefit from cleaner air: Kids' lung function not only matters in the short-term, but is also tied to their risk of developing heart and lung disease later in life. The results are welcome news, said study leader W. James Gauderman, a professor of preventive medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
The findings are based on three different groups of children who had their lung function tested repeatedly between the ages of 11 and 15 -- a critical period for lung development. All were from the same five communities near Los Angeles, but were tested at different time periods: 1994-1998, 1997-2001, or 2007-2011.
"One of our most important findings," Gauderman said, "was that the percentage of children with abnormally low lung function at age 15 declined from nearly 8 percent, to less than 4 percent in the most recent group."
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