奇速英语官网—英语在线学习平台_让学英语更快乐_更快速

Dogs experience the world in a way that’s very different from humans. While we use our eyes to see, dogs rely on their amazing sense of smell. Scientists have long wanted to know: How do dogs understand the scents around them? A new study gives us some answers.

Dogs’ noses are super powerful. An average dog has 125-300 million smell sensors (嗅觉受体) in its nose. Humans only have about 6 million. That makes a dog’s sense of smell 1,000- 10,000 times better than ours! For example, police dogs can find even the tiniest drop of gasoline. Their noses help them “see” things we can’t.

For 40,000 years, dogs have worked with humans. They help find food, catch criminals, save endangered animals, and even discover diseases. But until now, studying their brains was hard. Old methods used expensive machines and made dogs sit still, which wasn’t good for active dogs.

Now, scientists have a new way. They used a camera, a computer, and a green laser (激光) to study four calm dogs. The laser passed through their fur and skull (头骨), and the camera recorded brain activity when the dogs smelled things like alcohol, mint, garlic, and a special plant. AI analyzed the patterns to see how their brains reacted.

The study found that a part of the brain called the amygdala helps dogs link smells to feelings. This means scents can make dogs happy or sad. For example, many dogs don’t like the vet’s office because they remember bad experiences there.

This research could help train dogs better. It might even lead to tools that tell us what dogs are smelling. Imagine a collar that translates their nose messages! By learning more about dogs’ world, we can be better friends to these loyal animals.

1.1. How do dogs mainly explore the world?

A Through sight.

B Through smell.

C Through hearing.

D Through touch.

解析：选B。B 细节理解题。根据第一段的“While we use our eyes to see, dogs rely on their amazing sense of smell”可知，狗狗主要依靠嗅觉探索世界。故选B。

2.2. Why are dogs’ noses so powerful?

A They have few smell sensors.

B They like gasoline.

C They can see well.

D They have many smell sensors.

解析：选D。D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“An average dog has 125-300 million smell sensors in its nose.”可知，狗狗嗅觉发达是因为狗的鼻子里有1.25亿到3亿个嗅觉受体。故选D。

3.3. What was the problem with old dog-brain study methods?

A Dogs needed to keep moving.

B Dogs’ job performance got better.

C Dogs had to remain still.

D Dogs could rest as they liked.

解析：选C。C 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Old methods used expensive machines and made dogs sit still”可知，传统的研究狗的大脑的方法是让狗保持静止，不适合活泼好动的狗，这是该方法存在的问题。故选C。

4.4. What did AI do in the new dog-brain study?

A It controlled the green laser.

B It recorded brain activity.

C It analyzed brain reaction patterns.

D It selected the test scents.

解析：选C。C 细节理解题。根据第四段的“AI analyzed the patterns to see how their brains reacted.”可知，AI用于分析狗的大脑的反应模式。故选C。

5.5. What does the author give the example of dogs disliking the vet’s office in Paragraph 5?

A To prove that scents can affect dogs’ feelings.

B To show that vets’ offices are not friendly to dogs.

C To tell us many dogs around us are afraid of vets.

D To suggest ways to make dogs like vets’ offices.

解析：选A。A 推理判断题。根据第五段的“This means scents can make dogs happy or sad.”可知，作者举狗不喜欢兽医诊所的例子，是为了证明气味能影响狗的情绪。故选A。