中考真题2024年山东省枣庄市阅读C-厄尔尼诺现象
阅读下面短文，然后判断短文后面的小题，正确的答案涂“T”，错误的答案涂“F”。
El Nino causes too much water, a long period of dry weather and other bad weather conditions around the world.
El Nino is the name of the bad weather that happens in the Pacific Ocean. In summer, the rain falls in South Asia. But in some years, the Pacific Ocean moves this rainfall east. This warms the ocean as it travels, before finally reaching the coasts of North and South America. Cold water is pushed out of the way by the warm water. As fish don’t like warm water, they swim to other places. Birds that depend on them also move away.
The warmer temperatures cause too much water in southern US and South America. And because the warm rain clouds move east, long periods of dry weather happen in South Asia, Australia and even Africa.
El Nino usually lasts nine to twelve months. But its influences are felt around December. It doesn’t happen every year though, usually between two to seven years.
The strongest El Nino happened in 1982—1983. In the West Pacific, it caused very serious dry weather, sandstorms and forest fires in Australia, Africa and South Asia. In the East Pacific, Peru (秘鲁) was hit with about 3m of rainfall in areas where about 15cm was normal. It is the heaviest rainfall ever recorded. That year’s El Nino caused 1,300—2,000 people to die.
1.1. El Nino causes bad weather conditions.
A
B
C
D
解析：选T。细节理解题。根据第一段“El Nino causes too much water, a long period of dry weather and other bad weather conditions around the world.”可知，厄尔尼诺现象在世界各地造成过多的水、长时间的干旱天气和其他恶劣天气状况。所以厄尔尼诺现象会引起不良天气情况，故答案为T。
2.2. El Nino causes forest fires in southern US and South America.
A
B
C
D
解析：选F。细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In the West Pacific, it caused very serious dry weather, sandstorms and forest fires in Australia, Africa and South Asia.”可知，厄尔尼诺现象引起的森林火灾发生在澳大利亚、非洲和南亚，而不是美国南部和南美洲，故答案为F。
3.3. El Nino usually continues for less than half a year.
A
B
C
D
解析：选F。细节理解题。根据第四段的“El Nino usually lasts nine to twelve months.”可知，厄尔尼诺现象通常持续9到12个月，超过半年，故答案为F。
4.4. Thousands of people died of the strongest El Nino.
A
B
C
D
解析：选T。细节理解题。根据最后一段的“It is the heaviest rainfall ever recorded. That year’s El Nino caused 1,300—2,000 people to die.”可知，最强的厄尔尼诺现象导致了导致1300—2000人死亡，故答案为T。