科学让核辐射“变废为宝”
科学让核辐射“变废为宝”


Nuclear radiation (核辐射) is energy from very small things. Too much radiation is bad, but scientists found safe ways to use it for good things.

Doctors use special radiation to fight cancer. They aim the radiation very carefully at the cancer. This kills the bad cancer cells and tries to keep the healthy cells safe.
Radiation also helps keep our food fresh! Fruits like strawberries or mangoes can go bad quickly. Food scientists use a little bit of safe radiation (like gamma rays) on them. This kills tiny harmful things (like bacteria or insects) on the fruit. The best part?
Ø It doesn’t use chemicals.
Ø It doesn’t make the food radioactive (有辐射的).
Ø It doesn’t leave bad stuff on the food.
It’s like giving the food a magic invisible shield to keep it clean!
So, science helps us use radiation wisely. When used safely and carefully, it’s not just scary. It’s a powerful tool that helps make us healthier and keeps our food fresher longer.
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1.1. What do doctors use radiation to do?​

A Help sleep.

B Fight cancer.

C Keep food fresh.

D Kill all cells.

解析：选B。B 细节理解题。第二段提到“Doctors use special radiation to fight cancer.”，即医生用辐射对抗癌症。故选B。

2.2. How can radiation help protect fruits?

A By adding chemicals.

B By killing harmful things.

C By making them clean.

D By leaving bad stuff.

解析：选B。B 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Food scientists use a little bit of safe radiation... This kills tiny harmful things (like bacteria or insects) on the fruit.”可知，核辐射通过杀死水果上的有害物来保护水果。故选B。

3.3. What can we know about radiation used on food?

A It’s unsafe.

B It uses chemicals.

C It’s safe to eat.

D It’s radioactive.

解析：选C。C 推理判断题。根据文章的“It doesn’t make the food radioactive.”可知，用于食物的辐射不会让食物有放射性，所以可以安全食用。故选C。

4.4. What does “invisible shield” probably mean?

A Visible cover.

B Big box.

C Small bag.

D Hidden protection.

解析：选D。D 词意指代题。前文提到核辐射能杀死水果上的有害物，且无化学物质残留等，就像给食物一个“magic invisible shield”来保持清洁。由此可推测，“invisible shield”意为“隐藏的保护物”。故选D。

5.5. What’s the writer’s attitude to nuclear radiation?

A Afraid.

B Bad.

C Good.

D Not interested.

解析：选C。C 推理判断题。作者认为安全使用时，辐射是强大的工具，能带来好处，态度是积极的。故选C。