近视越来越低龄化，眼科医生给出护眼建议
Eye doctors are warning that more children are becoming short-sighted (近视的). They say children spend too much time indoors and in front of screens. In the past, young people got this problem later and less seriously.
A survey in Australia asked 39 eye doctors about the biggest eye problems. Dr Caroline Catt said she had seen a real surge in children with short-sightedness. She believes the causes include family history, more indoorscreen time, and less time playing outside in natural light.
Someeye doctors said their patients were seeking eye surgery (手术) earlier than ever before because they no longer wanted to depend on using glasses.New technology has made these operations easier for younger adults. Doctors say people no longer accept poor eyesight as a normal part of getting older.
Almost 60 per cent of eye doctors said the biggest mistake patients made was not getting regular eye checks.Some serious eye problems show no early signs. Children should have an eye check at least once every two years, or more often if they have problems.
Doctors also advise people not to rub their eyes. This simple habit can hurt the eye and even cause vision loss. They suggest wearing sunglasses and a hat, eating green vegetables, and spending two hours outdoors daily. After 20 minutes on a screen, look 20 feet away for 20 seconds.
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1.1.Why are more children becoming short-sighted?
A They read too many books.
B They stay inside too much.
C They eat too much junk food.
D They sleep too little at night.
解析：选B。B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“They say children spend too much time indoors and in front of screens.”可知，孩子近视增多是因为在室内和屏幕前的时间过多。B“他们在室内待得太多”是原文“spend too much time indoors”的同义转述，所以选B。A“读太多书”、C“吃太多垃圾食品”、D“晚上睡太少”在文中都没有提到，不能作为原因。
2.2.What does the underlined word “surge” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A A small mistake.
B A kind of test.
C An increase in number.
D A place outside.
解析：选C。C 词义猜测题。根据第二段的“a real surge in children with short-sightedness”以及前文“more children are becoming short-sighted”可知，surge指的是近视儿童数量“增加、激增”。C“数量增加”符合语境，所以选C。A“一个小错误”、B“一种测试”、D“外面的地方”都与上下文意思不符。
3.3.Why do more patients choose eye surgery earlier?
A They want to become doctors.
B They want to play more sports.
C They dislike wearing glasses.
D They want to read more books.
解析：选C。C 细节理解题。根据第三段的“because they no longer wanted to depend on using glasses”可知，更多患者更早选择眼部手术，是因为他们不想再依赖眼镜。C“他们不喜欢戴眼镜”是对原文的合理转述，所以选C。A“他们想成为医生”、B“他们想多做运动”、D“他们想读更多书”在文中均没有依据。
4.4.What is the biggest mistake according to most eye doctors?
A Wearing wrong glasses.
B Not checking eyes often.
C Rubbing eyes too much.
D Eating few vegetables.
解析：选B。B 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Almost 60 per cent of eye doctors said the biggest mistake patients made was not getting regular eye checks.”可知，多数眼科医生认为患者最大的错误是不定期检查眼睛。B“不经常检查眼睛”与原文一致，所以选B。A“戴错眼镜”文中未提；C“揉眼太多”是后文提到的坏习惯，但不是“最大错误”；D“少吃蔬菜”是护眼建议，不是医生说的最大错误。
5.5.What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A Why screens are bad for everyone.
B Why green vegetables are important.
C How to choose sunglasses.
D How to protect eyes with good habits.
解析：选D。D 段落大意题。最后一段提到不要揉眼、戴太阳镜和帽子、吃绿色蔬菜、每天户外活动两小时，以及“20-20-20”用眼法则，这些都是在讲如何通过好习惯保护眼睛。D“如何用好习惯保护眼睛”最能概括全段，所以选D。A“屏幕对每个人都有害”过于绝对，也不是该段主旨；B“绿色蔬菜为什么重要”和C“如何选择太阳镜”都只是最后一段中的细节，不能概括整段内容。