中考真题2026年江苏省扬州市阅读A-太空生活

What if things in your home—your toothbrush, books, desks, even you!—suddenly seemed weightless and began to float? This is what astronauts experience in a space station—microgravity (微重力). Even though the space station and the astronauts inside are in space, Earth’s gravity is still pulling on them, though very weak. Let’s explore the astronauts’ life in space. Though there are some challenges, life in space is a super-fun.

Eating and sleeping

Need to get from one place to another? Just push off a surface and glide there! Nothing stays put. Imagine turning on a tap. Water would go flying everywhere.

Astronauts aren’t allowed to eat anything in the space station that creates crumbs (碎屑). Food crumbs can become a disaster if they get into equipment (设备). That’s why astronauts eat specially prepared meals. There’s no “up” or “down” in space, so astronauts sleep in sleeping bags tied to the wall. Their arms will float in front of them while they sleep.

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Astronauts have to keep their bodies strong. There’s less stress on bones in space, for gravity is weaker. Muscles (肌肉) aren’t used as much. Their bones and muscles grow weaker. Even astronauts’ hearts can weaken. Every astronaut has to exercise for about two hours a day. Most of the exercise equipment is specially designed to imitate the feel of gravity.

Work and play

Astronauts spend much of their time working. They do a lot of experiments—from space life science to new spacecraft technologies. Sometimes they do spacewalks to make repairs to the outside of the station. When they have free time, astronauts kick back by reading books and looking down at Earth.

1.1. According to the text, what may cause danger to the space station?

A Water in special bags.

B Very tiny food pieces.

C Specially prepared meals.

D Sleeping bags tied to the wall.

解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段“Food crumbs can become a disaster if they get into equipment.”（食物碎屑一旦进入设备就会酿成灾祸），可知微小的食物碎屑会给空间站带来危险。所以选B。

2.2. Which of the following should go in the empty box ______________?

A Exercising for a strong heart.

B Moving freely.

C Dealing with space loneliness.

D Staying strong.

解析：选D。主旨大意题。本段讲到太空会造成骨骼、肌肉、心脏变弱，宇航员每天要锻炼来维持身体状态。A只提到心脏，概括片面；B属于上文吃喝睡觉部分内容；C文中没有提到孤独相关信息。本段核心是宇航员要保持身体强健。所以选D。

3.3. What does the text mainly talk about?

A Strange changes to astronauts’ bodies in space.

B Astronauts’ fun and challenging life in space.

C How astronauts do experiments in space environments.

D Why astronauts inside the space station can’t stay put.

解析：选B。主旨大意题。根据第一段“Though there are some challenges, life in space is a super-fun.”（虽然存在一些挑战，但太空生活超级有趣），下文分别从吃喝睡觉、锻炼、工作娱乐几个板块介绍宇航员的太空生活。A 只是局部身体变化细节；C 仅属于工作板块细节；D 只是开头微重力的细节。整篇文章介绍宇航员充满乐趣同时又富有挑战的太空生活。所以选 B。