中考真题2026年甘肃省天水市武威市阅读理解B篇-壁画守护者樊再轩
Deep in the desert, a man has spent more than forty years solving the “illness” of ancient paintings.
His name is Fan Zaixuan. He is an expert at protecting and repairing wall paintings in the Dunhuang Academy (敦煌研究院). In fact, the “patients” are the ancient wall paintings. The wall paintings in Dunhuang Mogao Caves are beautiful. However, after thousands of years, their surfaces slowly come off and fall down, which makes people feel sad.
Fan Zaixuan works hard to repair these art works. For the peeling parts, he first adds special glue and smooths them slowly and carefully. It is more difficult to repair the broken areas. Workers must take away harmful salt that breaks the paintings. To solve this problem, Fan Zaixuan and his team have been working for eight years and finally found a practical way. They turned the harmful salt into water and developed new materials to take in the liquid (液体). So far, the research team led by Fan Zaixuan has repaired more than 500m² of broken wall paintings in Mogao Caves. These ancient treasures shine again and keep their beauty after thousands of years.
Fan Zaixuan says his daily work is to protect ancient wall paintings and keep their natural looks. To his relief, over the past forty years, he has trained hundreds of young workers for cultural protection organizations across the country. Now, a new team of repairers has joined in the repair work of these valuable paintings.
Fan Zaixuan has spent all his time and energy on his work. He protects the ancient art silently and has become a part of these wonderful paintings through time.
1.1. How long did Fan Zaixuan’s team spend finding the method to repair broken wall areas?
A 40 years.
B 8 years.
C 5 years.
D 10 years.
解析：选B。细节理解题。第三段原句 "To solve this problem, Fan Zaixuan and his team have been working for eight years and finally found a practical way"（为了解决这个问题，樊再轩和他的团队已经工作了八年，终于找到了一种实用的方法），直接给出答案 8 年。干扰项辨析：A"40 年" 是他从事壁画保护的总时长（第四段 "over the past forty years"），不是解决害盐问题的时间；C、D 文中无依据。此题考查对多个时间数字及其对应事件的精准区分，注意题干问的是 "找到修复破损区域的方法" 所用时间。
2.2. What problem did the wall paintings face?
A The color of the paintings changed a lot.
B The surface of the paintings turned dark.
C The surface of the paintings come off.
D People did harm to the wall paintings.
解析：选C。细节理解题。第二段原句 "after thousands of years, their surfaces slowly come off and fall down, which makes people feel sad"（经过数千年后，它们的表面慢慢脱落、掉落），与 C 项 "surface come off" 完全对应。干扰项辨析：A"颜色变化" 文中未提及颜色问题；B"表面变暗" 无依据；D"人们损害壁画" 与文意不符 —— 壁画的问题是自然老化（表面脱落），并非人为破坏。此题考查对壁画所面临问题的精准定位。
3.3. What does the underlined word “relief” probably mean?
A Joy.
B Shock.
C Disappointment.
D Sadness.
解析：选A。词义猜测题。relief 所在句 "To his relief, over the past forty years, he has trained hundreds of young workers for cultural protection organizations across the country"（令他欣慰的是，在过去四十多年里，他为全国各地的文物保护组织培养了数百名年轻工作者）。前文讲述修复工作的艰难，此处 "培养了数百名接班人" 是一件值得高兴的事，且后文 "a new team of repairers has joined in"（新的修复团队已加入）进一步印证人才培养的成功，故 relief 在此意为 "欣慰、宽慰"，与 joy（高兴）最接近。B shock（震惊）、C disappointment（失望）、D sadness（悲伤）均为负面情绪，与 "培养数百名人才" 的积极语境相悖。此题考查利用上下文情感色彩猜测词义。
4.4. What can we learn from the passage?
A Fan’s team repaired less than 500m² of the wall paintings.
B Fan repairs the wall paintings only by taking harmful salt away.
C Young workers refuse to take part in wall painting repair work.
D Harmful salt is one of the reasons for the broken wall paintings.
解析：选D。推理判断题。第三段原句 "Workers must take away harmful salt that breaks the paintings"（工作人员必须清除破坏壁画的害盐），说明害盐确实会破坏壁画，是壁画破损的原因之一，与 D 项一致。干扰项辨析：A 数字错误 —— 原文是 "more than 500m²"（超过 500 平方米），选项写 "less than 500m²"（少于 500 平方米），方向相反；B 以偏概全 —— 修复方法不止清除害盐，还包括 "adds special glue and smooths them"（添加胶水抹平）等步骤；C 与原文 "a new team of repairers has joined in"（新团队已加入修复工作）矛盾。此题考查对细节的准确记忆与综合推断。
5.5. What is the best title for the passage?
A Beautiful Wall Paintings in Dunhuang
B Practical Ways to Protect Old Cultural Relics
C Fan Zaixuan: A Protector of Ancient Paintings
D The Long History of Dunhuang Ancient Art
解析：选C。主旨大意题。全文围绕樊再轩这个人展开 —— 他的身份（壁画修复专家）、他的工作（修复壁画）、他的成就（解决害盐难题、修复 500 多平方米、培养数百名人才）、他的奉献（"spent all his time and energy"、末段 "protects the ancient art silently"）。C 项 "Fan Zaixuan: A Protector of Ancient Paintings" 既点明人物又概括其身份贡献，与末段 "a part of these wonderful paintings through time" 的升华呼应。干扰项辨析：A 只提到壁画本身，忽略人物主线；B"实用方法" 只是第三段的部分内容，以偏概全；D"悠久历史" 偏离主题 —— 文章讲的是修复保护而非历史。此题考查人物传记类文章的主旨归纳，注意标题应涵盖人物 + 身份 + 贡献。