Have you ever thought your dog knows what you’re doing? You might be right. Scientists say dogs have an amazing ability to understand humans.

About 30,000 years ago, some wild wolves (狼) began to live near people. The friendliest wolves stayed close to humans. They got food, warm places to sleep, and felt safe. After a long time, these wolves changed. They turned into the first dogs. Since dogs have lived with us for such a long time, their brains (大脑) have developed to learn to read our emotions (情绪).

Dogs can hear the difference in our voices. When we smile, laugh, cry, or even shout, their brains react. Scientists took pictures of dog brains. The pictures show that dogs understand sounds as we do. They don’t just hear words—they feel the emotion in your voice.

Dogs are also very good at reading faces. They can tell if you’re happy or sad just by looking at your face. When they see someone they know, the happy part of their brain gets active.

What’s more amazing, dogs can “catch” our feelings. If you have some kind of strong emotion, your dog would discover it and might share what you are feeling now. A study from 2019 showed that dogs and their owners had the same heart rate (比率) when they were both nervous.

Wild dogs became friends with humans. Over time, they changed into the loyal (忠诚的), loving pets we know today. That’s why they understand us and are called our best friends!

1.56. Why did dogs learn to read our emotions?

A Because they changed from wolves.

B Because they’ve lived with us for a long time.

C Because they thought they could be humans too.

D Because they had to find food and safe places for us.

解析：选B。细节理解题（因果题）。原文定位句：Since dogs have lived with us for such a long time, their brains have developed to learn to read our emotions.翻译：因为狗和人类一起生活了很长时间，大脑进化从而学会读懂人类情绪。B 和原文have lived with us for such a long time完全对应。A：狗由狼演变是背景，但不是学会读懂情绪的直接原因；C 文中完全没有提到狗想变成人类，属于无中生有；D 原文是狼从人类这里获取食物居所，不是为人类找食物住所，事实错误。解题技巧：看到 Why，找 Since /because 引导的原因句。

2.57. What does the underlined word “react” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A 反应

B 休息

C 恢复

D 惊吓

解析：选A。词义猜测题。原文定位：When we smile, laugh, cry, or even shout, their brains react.语境：人做出笑、哭、喊叫等不同声音时，狗狗大脑会对此做出反应。A 反应。B 休息、C 恢复、D 惊吓代入上下文语义全部不通。解题技巧：结合前后逻辑，人发出不同声音，大脑就会有对应的回应。

3.58. Dogs can understand our emotions by ________.

A following what we ask them to do

B getting close to us and staying with us

C communicating with us through their ways

D finding out the changes of our voices and faces

解析：选D。细节理解题（概括信息）。文中两个关键段落：①第三段：Dogs can hear the difference in our voices（分辨声音差异）；②第四段：Dogs are also very good at reading faces（读懂面部表情）。D 察觉我们声音和面部的变化，概括两大途径。A 听从指令、B 陪伴靠近、C 狗狗自身方式交流，原文均没有作为理解人类情绪的方法，属于无中生有。

4.59. What does the study from 2019 show?

A Dogs are always loyal to us.

B Dogs are easy to get nervous.

C Dogs might feel the same as we feel.

D Dogs can sometimes make us nervous.

解析：选C。细节理解题（实验研究定位）。原文定位句：A study from 2019 showed that dogs and their owners had the same heart rate when they were both nervous.…might share what you are feeling now.翻译：2019 研究显示，狗可能会和主人拥有相同的感受。C 狗或许会和我们拥有相同感受。A 忠诚是文末观点，不是 2019 研究得出；B 不是狗容易紧张，是人和狗会同时紧张；D 研究没有说狗使人紧张。解题技巧：题干出现 study from 2019，直接回文定位年份。

5.60. What is the main idea of this text?

A How dogs became people’s best friends.

B Why some wild wolves changed into dogs.

C Dogs have different ways to show their emotions.

D Dogs can understand human feelings in several ways.

解析：选D。主旨大意题。整篇文章总分结构：开头总述狗有理解人类的能力；分段讲听声音、看面部、共情人类情绪这几种方式。D 狗能用多种方式理解人类的感受，概括全文核心。A “如何成为人类好友” 只是结尾补充，不是全文主体；B 狼变成狗只是背景引入，不是文章重点；C 文章讲的是狗读懂人类情绪，不是狗表达自己的情绪，概念偷换。解题技巧：主旨题排除只概括局部段落的选项，分清是背景还是核心话题。