在网络环境中守住判断力
The digital world can be exciting, useful and full of things to discover. But it can also be tricky to navigate. That is why experts say children need to become “e-smart” digital citizens — simply put, people who know when to question, check and ask for help when something online does not seem right.
According to the United Nations, children have the same rights online as they do offline. These include the right to privacy, safety and protection from practices such as data tracking, the collection and use of personal data, and exploitation. In reality, however, those rights are not always respected — which is exactly why digital intelligence matters.
Basic safety habits start with thinking before trusting what you see online: question information, check sources, and learn to recognise advertising, manipulation (操纵行为) and AI-generated content. When it comes to AI, Professor Pasi Sahlberg, from the University of Melbourne, says children should understand that it produces answers, images and other content by recognising patterns in data. It does not truly understand, think or care the way humans do.
And children often use AI without even realising it, because their devices are constantly recognising, recommending and predicting content for them. “For instance, when Netflix, Spotify or YouTube Kids suggests what to watch or listen to next, AI is learning from a child’s previous choices and predicting what will hold their attention,” Prof. Sahlberg said. “Another example is Face ID and the photo apps on smartphones, which use AI to recognise a child’s facial features, group pictures of the same person and sometimes improve or filter images automatically.”
Technology is always evolving. Instead of mastering a set of skills tied to any single platform, children need to develop a critical approach to their digital lives — one that will serve them no matter what comes next.
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1.1. According to the text, an “e-smart” digital citizen is someone who ______.
A follows the advice given by online experts
B masters every digital platform quickly
C keeps away from social media completely
D checks information before believing it
解析：选D。D 细节理解题。原文第一段明确说“e-smart”数字公民是“people who know when to question, check and ask for help when something online does not seem right”，第三段也提到要“question information, check sources”，即对网上信息先质疑、核查再相信，因此D项“checks information before believing it”为最佳选项。A项“听从网络专家建议”不是原文对“e-smart”的定义；B项“快速掌握每个数字平台”与最后一段“Instead of mastering a set of skills tied to any single platform”相矛盾；C项“完全远离社交媒体”文中没有依据。故选D。
2.2. Why does the author mention Professor Sahlberg’s remarks in paragraph 3?
A To explain AI’s strengths and limits.
B To prove that children overuse AI.
C To show that AI understands children.
D To argue that AI should be banned.
解析：选A。A 写作目的题。作者引用Sahlberg教授的话，第三段“it produces answers, images and other content by recognising patterns in data“写的是它生成内容的方式：它靠识别数据中的模式，并不依赖理解；这正是它能做到的事，即strengths。“It does not truly understand, think or care the way humans do”用does not truly一口气否定了理解、思考、关心这三件事，又以the way humans do拿人作对照，说明它的边界在哪里，即limits。B项“证明儿童过度使用AI”，无论在本段还是在本段以外的相关陈述里都找不到依据；第四段children often use AI without even realising it说的是“孩子根本没意识到自己在用”，这与“过度使用”是两件事，不能混为一谈，且不在第三段，B项排除。C项“表明AI理解孩子”与原文does not truly understand针锋相对，而第二句里the way humans do的对照已经把这个说法否掉了。D项“主张禁止AI”在第三段没有出现，全文结尾也只是主张培养critical approach，从没提出禁用。故选A。
3.3. What do the examples of Netflix and Face ID suggest about children’s use of AI?
A It is limited to entertainment and photos.
B It often happens without children noticing.
C It is safer at home than at school.
D It has replaced outdoor activities.
解析：选B。B 推理判断题。第四段开头明确说“children often use AI without even realising it”，接着用 Netflix、Spotify、YouTube Kids和Face ID等例子说明AI在推荐内容、识别人脸等过程中不断被孩子使用，因此B项“It often happens without children noticing”正确。A项“只限于娱乐和照片”缩小了例子范围；C项“在家比在学校更安全”文中没有比较；D项“它已经取代户外活动”，原文无相关信息支撑。故选B。
4.4. What is the best title for the text?
A AI Is Changing Every Classroom
B How to Spot Fake News Online
C Growing Up Wise in a Digital World
D The Rights of Children on the Internet
解析：选C。C 主旨大意题。文章围绕数字世界展开，倡导孩子拥有数字智慧、学会批判性对待网络内容。A项“AI正在改变每一间教室”只是局部话题，不是全文中心；B项“如何识别网络假新闻”仅对应信息核查这一个小点；C项“在数字世界里明智成长”概括全文核心；D项“儿童的网络权利”仅第二段提及，属于细节信息。故选C。