中考真题2025年2025重庆市阅读理解D篇-仿生学的发展与应用

时文摘要

文章以 “金鳞” 仿生鱼引入仿生学,介绍其结合生物与工程的特点、在多领域应用,提及面临挑战及未来可能性。

“Wow! Look at that! Isn’t it a real fish?” The bionic (仿生) fish, named “Jinlin”, was swimming lively like a real one. It was developed by researchers at Shanghai Ocean University. This invention isn’t just for fun—it shows how humans copy nature to solve problems. That is a science called bionics.

Over millions of years, animals and plants have developed smart ways to survive. For example, kingfishers are experts at moving fast between air and water with very little noise. Through their study, scientists discovered that the birds’ long beaks (喙) enabled this ability. Then they used the knowledge to change the front of the high-speed train. This change cut down noise level, increased speed by 10% and greatly saved energy. This combination (结合) of biology and engineering is the key to success in bionics. And it has set the stage for the rise of other new technologies.

Driven by robotics and AI, bionics has grown rapidly. The AI-powered bionic fish “Jinlin” can be used for environmental protection and deep sea exploration. In medicine, bionic arms can work similarly to real arms. Sensors allow the user to “feel” touch and pressure. Motors help the bionic arms make movements, like human muscles (肌肉). With AI, the bionic arms are able to “learn” new tasks and become smarter over time. These inventions are examples to show how bionics bridges biology and new technologies to solve humans’ problems.

Although so much progress has been made, bionics faces challenges. Nature’s designs are hard to copy perfectly. As for bionic arms, one key area of development is Brain-Computer Interface (脑机接口). More work on direct communication between the brain and bionic arms is required to control movements as naturally as real arms. Researchers are also working on creating new materials and structures which can sense and repair themselves.

While there’s still a long way to go, the future of bionics is full of possibilities. Stay hungry. Stay foolish. Maybe you’ll be the next one to change the world!


1. 1. Why does the writer mention “Jinlin” at the beginning of the passage?

A    To suggest some new ideas.

B    To lead into the topic of bionics.

C    To explain the habits of fish.

D    To show the importance of bionics.

2. 2.What can we learn from Paragraph 3?

A    Robotics and AI have developed fast because of bionics.

B    The bionic fish “Jinlin” is used for medical purposes.

C    Motors allow the bionic arms to make movements.

D    Sensors help bionic arms learn new tasks over time.

3. 3. According to Paragraph 4, how would scientists make bionic arms more like real ones? ① By connecting motors with smart phones. ② By developing new materials and structures. ③ By improving Brain-Computer Interface. ④ By changing the shape and look of bionic arms.

A    ①②

B    ②③

C    ①④

D    ③④

4. 4. Which of the following shows the use of bionics?

A    Drawing a picture of birds by watching real birds.

B    Building a house with natural materials like wood.

C    Designing a camera by copying some insects’ eyes.

D    Learning to dance by studying monkeys’ movements.

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