四级真题2024年12月第三套 Passage Two
① Do you ever blend up a protein drink for breakfast, or grab a protein bar following an afternoon workout? If so, you are likely among the millions of people in search of more protein- rich diets.
② Protein-enriched products are found everywhere. But contrary to all the publicity that everyone needs more protein, most Americans get twice as much as they need.
③ Many of us living in the most developed countries are buying into a myth of protein deficiency created by food companies and self-identified health experts. Global retail sales of protein supplement products reached an astonishing US$18.9 billion in 2020.
④ But are we really in need of more protein? Physicians in the U.S. have never actually examined a patient with protein deficiency because simply by eating an adequate number of daily calories we are also most likely getting enough protein.
⑤ In fact, Americans currently consume almost twice the National Academy of Medicine’s recommended daily intake of protein although the most desirable protein intake may vary depending on age and activity level.
⑥ For example, if you’re a dedicated athlete you might need to consume higher quantities of protein. Generally, though, a 140-pound person should not exceed 120 grams of protein per day, particularly because a high protein diet can strain kidney and liver function and increase risks of developing heart disease and cancer.
⑦ While fats and sugar have taken the beating in turns since over a century ago, protein has managed to remain our red-hot favorite.
⑧ In the 1970s through the 1990s, protein products remained visible but moved backsomewhat with the dietary spotlight firmly fixed on low-calorie, low-fat, sugar-free snack foods and beverages following the publication of studies linking sugar and saturated (饱和的) fat consumption to heart disease.
⑨ Later research in 2003, however, suggested high-protein diets could aid in weight loss, and protein quickly regained its former nutrient-superstar status.
⑩ Now most people living in high-income nations are consuming enough protein. When we replace meals with a protein bar or drink, we also risk missing out on the rich sources of antioxidants (抗氧化剂), vitamins and many other benefits of real food.
