In recent years, homework has become a very hot topic. Many parents and educators have raised concerns about homework and questioned how effective it is in enhancing students’ learning. There are also concerns that students may simply be getting too much homework, which ultimately influences quality family time and opportunities for physical activity and play. Research suggests that these concerns may be valid.
Academic vs. Non-Academic Benefits
The goal of homework is not simply to improve academic skills. Research finds that homework may have some non-academic benefits, such as building responsibility, time management skills, and task persistence (毅力). Homework may also increase parents’ involvement in their children’s schooling. Yet too much homework may also have some negative impacts on non-academic skills by reducing opportunities for free play. Homework may also interfere with physical activity.
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Research suggests that homework should not exceed (超过) 1.5 to 2.5 hours per night for high school students and no more than 1 hour per night for middle school students. Homework for primary school students should be minimal and assigned with the aim of building self-regulation and independent work skills.
What Can Parents Do?
★Focus on providing general monitoring, guidance, and encouragement, but allow children to complete their homework as independently as possible. Research shows that allowing children more autonomy in completing homework may benefit their academic skills.
★Only provide help when your child asks for it and step away whenever possible. Research finds that too much parental involvement and controlling involvement with homework is associated with worse academic performance.
★Set specific rules around homework. Research finds an association between parents setting rules around homework and academic performance.
★Stay calm and positive during homework. Research shows that mothers’ showing positive emotions while helping with homework may improve children’s motivation in homework.
★Praise your child’s hard work and effort during homework. This type of praise is likely to increase motivation.
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