小学英语重点语法 100 句实用范例,轻松吃透核心知识点
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发布时间:Oct 28, 2025 5:31:42 PM
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一、基础句型(20 句)
1. 主谓宾句型
- I eat an apple every morning.(我每天早上吃一个苹果。)
- 语法解析:主语(I)+ 谓语(eat)+ 宾语(an apple)基本结构
- 核心词:eat (吃);apple (苹果);morning (早上)
- My dad drives a car to work.(我爸爸开车去上班。)
- 语法解析:第三人称单数主语(My dad)+ 谓语动词三单形式(drives)
- 核心词:drive (驾驶);car (汽车);work (工作)
- The cat catches a mouse in the kitchen.(猫在厨房里抓老鼠。)
- 核心词:catch (抓);mouse (老鼠);kitchen (厨房)
2. 主系表句型
- This flower is very beautiful.(这朵花很漂亮。)
- 语法解析:主语(This flower)+ 系动词(is)+ 表语(beautiful)
- 核心词:flower (花);beautiful (漂亮的)
- Those books are mine.(那些书是我的。)
- 语法解析:指示代词(Those)+ 名词复数(books)+ 系动词(are)
- The weather becomes cold in winter.(冬天天气变冷了。)
- 核心词:weather (天气);cold (冷的);winter (冬天)
3. There be 句型
- There is a book on the desk.(桌子上有一本书。)
- 语法解析:There be 句型单数形式(就近原则)
- There are five birds in the tree.(树上有五只鸟。)
- There will be a party in our class tomorrow.(明天我们班有个派对。)
- 核心词:party (派对);tomorrow (明天)
4. 祈使句
- Open the window, please.(请打开窗户。)
- 核心词:open (打开);window (窗户)
- Don’t run in the hallway.(不要在走廊里跑。)
- Let’s play games after class.(课后我们一起玩游戏吧。)
- 核心词:play (玩);game (游戏);class (课)
5. 一般疑问句
- Do you like playing football?(你喜欢踢足球吗?)
- 语法解析:实义动词一般疑问句(Do + 主语 + 动词原形)
- 核心词:like (喜欢);football (足球)
- Is she your English teacher?(她是你的英语老师吗?)
- 语法解析:系动词一般疑问句(Is + 主语 + 表语)
- 核心词:English (英语);teacher (老师)
- Can you swim in the river?(你能在河里游泳吗?)
6. 特殊疑问句
- What time do you get up?(你几点起床?)
- 语法解析:疑问词(What time)引导特殊疑问句
- 核心词:time (时间);get up (起床)
- Where is your school bag?(你的书包在哪里?)
- 核心词:where (哪里);school bag (书包)
- How many pencils do you have?(你有多少支铅笔?)
- 核心词:how many (多少);pencil (铅笔)
7. 感叹句
- What a lovely dog it is!(多么可爱的狗啊!)
- How fast he runs!(他跑得真快啊!)
二、时态(30 句)
1. 一般现在时
- She watches TV at 7 p.m. every day.(她每天晚上 7 点看电视。)
- 语法解析:第三人称单数谓语动词加 - s (watches),时间标志 every day
- 核心词:watch (看);TV (电视);every day (每天)
- They usually go to school by bus.(他们通常坐公交车上学。)
- 核心词:usually (通常);go to school (上学);bus (公交车)
- The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。)
- 核心词:sun (太阳);rise (升起);east (东方)
2. 一般过去时
- I visited my grandparents last weekend.(上周末我去看望了祖父母。)
- 语法解析:动词过去式(visited),时间标志 last weekend
- 核心词:visit (看望);grandparent (祖父母);last weekend (上周末)
- He ate three hamburgers yesterday.(他昨天吃了三个汉堡。)
- 核心词:eat (吃,过去式 ate);hamburger (汉堡);yesterday (昨天)
- The rain stopped an hour ago.(一小时前雨停了。)
- 核心词:rain (雨);stop (停,过去式 stopped);hour (小时)
3. 一般将来时
- We will have a math test tomorrow.(明天我们有数学考试。)
- 语法解析:will + 动词原形,时间标志 tomorrow
- 核心词:math (数学);test (考试);tomorrow (明天)
- My mom is going to buy a new dress for me.(妈妈要给我买一条新裙子。)
- 语法解析:be going to + 动词原形(表计划)
- 核心词:buy (买);dress (裙子);new (新的)
- It will snow in Beijing next month.(下个月北京会下雪。)
- 核心词:snow (下雪);Beijing (北京);next month (下个月)
4. 现在进行时
- The children are playing games in the park.(孩子们正在公园里玩游戏。)
- 语法解析:be (are)+ 动词 - ing 形式(playing)
- 核心词:child (孩子,复数 children);play (玩);park (公园)
- My sister is drawing a picture now.(我妹妹现在正在画画。)
- 核心词:draw (画);picture (图画);now (现在)
- Listen! Someone is singing in the next room.(听!有人在隔壁房间唱歌。)
- 核心词:listen (听);sing (唱歌);next room (隔壁房间)
5. 现在完成时(基础版)
- I have finished my homework already.(我已经做完作业了。)
- 语法解析:have + 动词过去分词(finished),标志词 already
- 核心词:finish (完成);homework (作业);already (已经)
- We have lived here for five years.(我们在这里住了五年了。)
- 核心词:live (住);here (这里);five years (五年)
- She has read this story twice.(这个故事她已经读了两遍了。)
- 核心词:read (读,过去分词 read);story (故事);twice (两次)
6. 时态混合运用
- He usually walks to school, but he took a taxi today.(他通常走路上学,但今天坐了出租车。)
- 语法解析:一般现在时(walks)+ 一般过去时(took)对比
- 核心词:walk (走路);take a taxi (坐出租车);today (今天)
- My brother is playing basketball now, and he will have dinner at 6 p.m.(我弟弟现在在打篮球,他晚上 6 点要吃晚饭。)
- 核心词:basketball (篮球);dinner (晚饭)
- I have learned English for two years, and I can speak it well now.(我学英语两年了,现在能说得很好。)
- 核心词:learn (学);English (英语);speak (说)
补充:时态标志词专项
- I often help my mom with housework.(often - 一般现在时)
- They went to the zoo last Sunday.(last Sunday - 一般过去时)
- We are going to visit the museum next week.(next week - 一般将来时)
- She is dancing in the classroom now.(now - 现在进行时)
- My dad has worked in this company since 2018.(since - 现在完成时)
- The students always do their homework carefully.(always - 一般现在时)
- It rained heavily yesterday evening.(yesterday evening - 一般过去时)
- There will be a concert in our city tomorrow evening.(tomorrow evening - 一般将来时)
- Listen! The birds are singing happily.(Listen - 现在进行时)
- I have never been to Shanghai before.(never - 现在完成时)
- My grandma waters the flowers every morning.(every morning - 一般现在时)
- We had a good time at the party last night.(last night - 一般过去时)
三、介词(20 句)
1. 时间介词
- We have lunch at 12 o’clock.(我们 12 点吃午饭。)
- 核心词:lunch (午饭);o’clock (点钟)
- School starts in September.(学校九月份开学。)
- 核心词:start (开始);September (九月)
- He was born on May 1st, 2015.(他 2015 年 5 月 1 日出生。)
2. 方位介词
- The ball is under the chair.(球在椅子下面。)
- 核心词:ball (球);under (在…… 下面);chair (椅子)
- There is a picture on the wall.(墙上有一幅画。)
- 核心词:picture (画);on (在…… 上面);wall (墙)
- My school is near the supermarket.(我的学校在超市附近。)
- 核心词:school (学校);near (在…… 附近);supermarket (超市)
- The bank is across from the hospital.(银行在医院对面。)
- 核心词:bank (银行);across from (在…… 对面);hospital (医院)
- She is standing between Lily and Lucy.(她站在莉莉和露西之间。)
- 语法解析:between...and...(在两者之间)
- 核心词:stand (站);between (在…… 之间)
3. 方式 / 伴随介词
- I go to school by bike every day.(我每天骑自行车上学。)
- 核心词:by bike (骑自行车);go to school (上学)
- She writes with a pencil.(她用铅笔写字。)
- 核心词:write (写);with (用);pencil (铅笔)
- We traveled to Beijing by train last year.(去年我们坐火车去北京旅行了。)
- 核心词:travel (旅行);by train (坐火车);last year (去年)
4. 其他常用介词
- Thanks for your help.(谢谢你的帮助。)
- 语法解析:thanks for + 名词 / 动名词
- 核心词:thanks (谢谢);help (帮助)
- I am good at playing the piano.(我擅长弹钢琴。)
- 核心词:good at (擅长);piano (钢琴)
- He is looking for his lost key.(他正在找他丢失的钥匙。)
- 核心词:look for (寻找);lost (丢失的);key (钥匙)
- My mom is interested in cooking.(我妈妈对做饭感兴趣。)
- 语法解析:be interested in + 动名词
- 核心词:interested (感兴趣的);cook (做饭)
- There are many apples on the tree.(树上有很多苹果。)
- 核心词:apple (苹果);on the tree (在树上,指长在树上)
- A bird is singing in the tree.(一只鸟在树上唱歌。)
- 核心词:bird (鸟);in the tree (在树上,指外来物)
- I usually go shopping with my mom on weekends.(我通常周末和妈妈去购物。)
- 核心词:go shopping (购物);with (和…… 一起);weekend (周末)
- The library is next to the post office.(图书馆在邮局旁边。)
- 核心词:library (图书馆);next to (在…… 旁边);post office (邮局)
- We will have a meeting from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m.(我们下午 2 点到 4 点要开个会。)
- 语法解析:from...to...(从…… 到……)
- 核心词:meeting (会议);from...to... (从…… 到……)
四、名词(15 句)
1. 名词单数与复数
- This is a red apple. / These are red apples.(这是一个红苹果。/ 这些是红苹果。)
- 语法解析:名词单数(apple)→ 复数(apples)
- There is a child in the room. / There are many children in the room.(房间里有一个孩子。/ 房间里有很多孩子。)
- 语法解析:不规则复数(child→children)
- I have a toothache because I ate too many candies.(我牙疼,因为我吃了太多糖果。)
- 语法解析:不规则复数(tooth→teeth),规则复数(candy→candies)
- 核心词:toothache (牙疼);candy (糖果)
2. 名词所有格
- This is Tom’s book.(这是汤姆的书。)
- These are the students’ desks.(这些是学生们的课桌。)
- 核心词:student (学生);desk (课桌)
- My grandma’s garden is very beautiful.(我奶奶的花园很漂亮。)
- 核心词:grandma (奶奶);garden (花园);beautiful (漂亮的)
3. 不可数名词
- There is some water in the bottle.(瓶子里有一些水。)
- 语法解析:不可数名词(water)前用 some 修饰
- 核心词:water (水);bottle (瓶子)
- I need a little milk for my breakfast.(我早餐需要一点牛奶。)
- 语法解析:不可数名词(milk)前用 a little 修饰
- 核心词:milk (牛奶);breakfast (早餐)
- She has much homework to do tonight.(她今晚有很多作业要做。)
- 语法解析:不可数名词(homework)前用 much 修饰
- 核心词:homework (作业);tonight (今晚)
4. 名词搭配
- a cup of tea(一杯茶) /two cups of tea(两杯茶)
- 语法解析:不可数名词量化表达(数词 + 量词 + of + 名词)
- a piece of paper(一张纸) /three pieces of paper(三张纸)
- a bowl of rice(一碗米饭) /five bowls of rice(五碗米饭)
- a box of chocolates(一盒巧克力) /four boxes of chocolates(四盒巧克力)
- a pair of shoes(一双鞋) /six pairs of shoes(六双鞋)
五、连词(15 句)
1. 并列连词
- I like apples and bananas.(我喜欢苹果和香蕉。)
- 核心词:like (喜欢);apple (苹果);banana (香蕉)
- He has no pen or pencil.(他没有钢笔也没有铅笔。)
- She is tired, but she still keeps working.(她很累,但仍然继续工作。)
- 核心词:tired (累的);still (仍然);work (工作)
- You can go by bus, or you can walk there.(你可以坐公交车去,或者走路去那里。)
- 核心词:by bus (坐公交车);walk (走路)
2. 从属连词
- I will go to the park if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.(如果明天不下雨,我就去公园。)
- 核心词:park (公园);rain (下雨);tomorrow (明天)
- When I grow up, I want to be a doctor.(当我长大后,我想成为一名医生。)
- 核心词:grow up (长大);doctor (医生)
- She didn’t go to school because she was ill.(她没去上学,因为她生病了。)
- 核心词:go to school (上学);ill (生病的)
- He runs faster than I do.(他跑得比我快。)
3. 连词句型拓展
- Both my brother and I like playing football.(我和弟弟都喜欢踢足球。)
- 核心词:brother (弟弟);football (足球)
- Not only he but also his sister likes music.(不仅他,他妹妹也喜欢音乐。)
- 语法解析:not only...but also...(不仅…… 而且……)
- 核心词:sister (妹妹);music (音乐)
- I will call you as soon as I arrive there.(我一到那里就给你打电话。)
- 核心词:call (打电话);arrive (到达)
- She is so young that she can’t go to school.(她太小了,还不能上学。)
- 语法解析:so...that...(如此…… 以至于……)
- 核心词:young (年轻的);go to school (上学)
- My English is better than it was last year.(我的英语比去年好了。)
- 核心词:English (英语);better (更好);last year (去年)
- We had to stay at home because of the heavy rain.(因为大雨,我们不得不待在家里。)
- 语法解析:because of + 名词短语(表原因)
- 核心词:stay at home (待在家里);heavy rain (大雨)
- Although he is old, he works very hard.(虽然他老了,但工作很努力。)
- I didn’t know the answer until my teacher told me.(直到老师告诉我,我才知道答案。)
- 核心词:answer (答案);teacher (老师);tell (告诉)
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